Cole-Cole Model: 4 Numbers Tell the Whole Story

Instead of measuring at 100 frequencies, we fit 4 key parameters:

$$ \rho^*(\omega) = \rho_0 \left[ 1 - m \left( 1 - \frac{1}{1 + (i\omega\tau)^c} \right) \right] $$

ρ₀ (resistivity)

How conductive the rock is (DC limit)

100 Ω·m

How much charge can be stored (0-1 scale)

0.50

How fast charge releases (related to grain size)

0.10 s

Describes variety of grain sizes (0-1)

0.50

Grains dynamically respond: Ï" controls average size. c controls uniformity.